Clive Bates-2018 -iSQE Create Success From Failures.potx.pdf

国际软件质量工程峰会国际软件质量工程峰会 International Software Quality Engineering Forum Create Success From Create Success From FailuresFailures Clive BatesClive Bates O f P l a n i t T e s t i n gO f P l a n i t T e s t i n g ©2018 iSQE Where I’m going To explain that the fear of failure and a sense of failure are both emotional responses and need to be managed to bring about success To challenge you to think about failure in a different way and create an awareness that failure should be regarded as a positive every time To help you explore ways of dealing with and preventing failure in future 3 ©2018 iSQE What is Failure What do we mean by failure Failure is the state or condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective, and may be viewed as the opposite of success. Product failure ranges from failure to sell the product, to, in the worst cases, personal injury Failure to anticipate Failure to perceive Failure to carry out a task The Oxford dictionary states failure as “Lack of Success” 4 ©2018 iSQE Is this right 5 ©2018 iSQE Why do we fail Closed loop – ignore the results that could help us improve Wrong objectives Not listening/observing/communicating Holding onto pre-conceived ideas Authority getting in the way Lack of focus Lack of time/budget Goals too far reaching Lack of skill / knowledge etc 6 ©2018 iSQE Failure has created a bad feeling from a young age –from childhood we learn that admitting to failure can lead to blame, low marks, ridicule etc. – so we ve had about 12 years of training to fear failure –often as we grow up we don’t shift to the rewards of learning from failure –sometimes we fear failure even before we start - aim low you get low We can fear other people’s view of us leading to a lack of confidence We imagine others care as deeply about our successes and failures as we do personally and fear shame 7 Why do we fear failure Overall failure can and has created negative connotations in many of us ©2018 iSQE How to overcome the Fear of Failure Fear is more damaging than failure itself – worrying about what could go wrong – anxiety will prevent your creativity Focus on goals and be determined to succeed. Many achievements involve taking some risks 8 If you don’t take risks you don’t learn If you don’t learn you don’t improve Clive Bates 2018 ©2018 iSQE Try to recognise in advance any possible obstacles to success and understand what could go wrong. Identify the root cause of the failure Ask yourself – what did I learn from the experience – how can I grow from this experience – what are 3 positives that I can take away How to overcome the Fear of Failure 9 You may never know what results come of your action, but if you do nothing there will be no result.” Quote from Gandhi. ©2018 iSQE How we should really see failure Organisations need to make it a “safe” place to admit and report failure Google X – Astro Teller says – “You must reward people for failing. If not, they won t take risks and make breakthroughs. If you don t reward failure, people will hang on to a doomed idea for fear of the consequences. That wastes time and saps an organisation s spirit.” Recognise that no-one deliberately wants to fail We learn from failure with the intention that we can then improve and learn 10 ©2018 iSQE How we should really see failure Opportunity to Learn and grow from the experience Consider and have a healthy approach to risk Forget perfection – “fail well”, take risks and learn from them. Helps you to find the gaps and take actions to fix Be resilient and keep trying – e.g. practise at music to get better, ice skating, ski jumping etc 11 Recognise that young people don’t naturally fear failure so they can learn –In a UK school they have a “failure week” to de-mystify the word. It Failure happens Then have a “blow your trumpet week” to recognise and celebrate success and achievements ©2018 iSQE Be expert learners not just experts. True success is not avoiding failure, but learning what to do with it. 2018/9/18 12 ©2018 iSQE Key quotes 13 ©2018 iSQE What does success involve 14 ©2018 iSQE Marginal gains All about breaking the big problem down into small parts – to see what works and what doesn t Involves having the intellectual honesty to see where you are going wrong and then deliver small improvements F1 Marginal gains –16,000 channels of data from each car, creating a further 50,000 channels of data –helps identify and isolate small key metrics to help improve e.g. changing wheel nut what angle the spanner goes in at, how long to loosen then remove nut, how quickly spanner moved away, new wheel goes on, spanner was used etc. all about small changes in perance to influence the outcome 15 ©2018 iSQE Marginal gains in testing Review all the data from all retrospectives to see how long it’s taken to do various tasks – look at how they can be improved. Learn from your failures – look at scope, development, testing then release and track live bugs found – results could involve one or more of introduce better/more appropriate metrics doing work in a different order better at different types of reviews and feedback – getting the scope right better use of quality gates and entry/exit criteria for handover better analysis and better tests greater use of tools better skills through training/support 16 ©2018 iSQE Virginia Mason Hospital Washington Gary Kaplan CEO identified that learning from mistakes has 2 components 1 Have a system. Errors are the gap between what is hoped would happen and what really does happen. To improve we need to close that gap. Have a system in place to take advantage of those learning opportunities 2 Enable an organisational mind-set to be willing and able to share the ination available admit the mistakes, so the system can flourish Result Was They have a system in place now that learns the lessons so that weakness can be turned into a strength. There has been a fall in Insurance liability claims of 74 17 ©2018 iSQE Sometimes simple solutions work In anaesthetics a study found half the anaesthetic machines had a clockwise turn of a valve to increase the concentration of drugs, but in others the same valve decreased it. In aviation the eventual analysis of B-17 crashes found switches that looked the same but did different things caused many crashes, so they re- design of cockpit display eliminated the problem. e.g. gear up/down switch. In both cases Better communication resolved the problems 18 ©2018 iSQE James Dyson Whilst vacuuming his house he was frustrated at how quickly the bag got blocked up When getting some wood cut he noticed how the sawdust was separated using a cyclone. Took his “Hoover” apart and created a cardboard version that worked The first cleaner had 5127 prototypes Now personally worth 5.4 billion 19 ©2018 iSQE Richard Branson – His views I’ve been failing for as long as I can remember. In fact, I’ve been failing even longer than that – I fell over many times as a baby before learning how to walk. The pattern has continued into adulthood and my life as an entrepreneur, and I have learned and loved every step of the way. We’re celebrating failure all month on . In advance, Virgin Unite and Google for Entrepreneurs teamed up for a Hangout on How to Turn Failure into Success. 20 ©2018 iSQE Creativity that benefits us now The creative process started with a problem which you can also say is a failure – Masking tape was in response to the failure of tape that pulled paint off cars and walls – The wind-up radio was due to lack of batteries in Africa – The ATM was due to lack of cash being available after banks closed – Dropbox was a response to lack of flash drive – Post-It notes was because a glue went wrong 21 ©2018 iSQE Spectrum of reasons for failure Individual chooses to violate a prescribed process or practice Individual inadvertently deviates from specification Individual does not have the skills, conditions or training to do the job A competent individual adheres to a prescribed BUT there is a faulty or incomplete process Individual faces a task too difficult to be run reliably every time A process with many elements breaks down when it encounters new interactions Lack of clarity about future events, people take reasonable actions but produce undesired results An experiment to prove that an idea or design will succeed actually fails An experiment to expand knowledge and investigate a possibility leads to an undesired result 22 B L A M E W O R T H Y P R A I S E W O R T H Y From The Harvard Business school ©2018 iSQE Dealing with failures There are 3 elements you need to be skilled at when tackling failures Detecting Analysing Creating failure 23 ©2018 iSQE Detecting failure You want to find failure as soon as possible Encourage honesty and willingness to stand up and say not everything is good In industry, staff are more likely to see problems before management – encourage them to look and report Don’t assume that throwing money at something will solve the problems, it can just delay the opportunity to recognise a failure Lessons learned – retrospectives – identify both the good points and areas that caused issues – focus on processes not individuals – we all do this naturally Checklist 24 ©2018 iSQE Analysing failure Understand the root cause – needs discipline and enthusiasm – use root cause analysis e.g. the “5 why’s” Have an enquiring mind and recognise the first answer may not be the last answer It can be difficult to look at your own failures so you may avoid this step, so recognise the emotions involved Need to reward the ability to find the real causes and issues How can we prevent similar problems from occurring in future 25 ©2018 iSQE Creating failure Using systematic experimentation try to find failures in specific areas – failure is part of your approach and mind set Ensure any pilot project uses realistic set up – network, data, usage etc otherwise it can lead management to think all is OK. Go beyond detecting and analysing existing failures to generate new intelligent ones for learning and innovation Those organisations that have ability to catch, correct and learn from failure before other organisations will be more successful Try different combinations and see what works and learn 26 ©2018 iSQE Thomas Edison - Quote 27 American Businessman and Inventor. Among other things invented the Electric Light Bulb. ©2018 iSQE Dealing with potential failure in Sport Jonny Wilkinson er Rugby Union Player – In 2003 Rugby world cup he scored the winning goal in the last minute of play With all the pressures he faced said – If you focus too much on the result i.e. whether you score or not, you are likely to fail. Instead focus on the process that you have been practicing on time and time again. Focus on your talents 28 ©2018 iSQE Isambard Kingdom Brunel 1806 - 1859 Brunel was one of the most versatile engineers of the 19th century, responsible for the design of tunnels, bridges, railway lines and ships. Redesigned and constructed major docks 29 ©2018 iSQE Suspension Bridge - Bristol Started work in 1831 700 ft long 245 ft above the ground Brunel presented 4 designs and went beyond technicalities to consider aesthetics Completed 5 years after his death Part way into the project it was clear that funding was insufficient 30 In response to lack of budget he said “to compete on price will ultimately lead to unsafe, unscrupulous and hence unprofessional practice” ©2018 iSQE Atmospheric railway 19th Century Brunel embraced modern new ideas Trains set new speed record of 60 mph 97 kph twice as fast as anything else at the time It coped better with steep gradients 31 ©2018 iSQE The Pipe 32 ©2018 iSQE Atmospheric railway 19th Century Brunel embraced modern new ideas Trains set new speed record of 60 mph 97 kph twice as fast as anything else at the time It coped better with steep gradients Materials were not good enough the maintenance was too high so he instructed the investors to stop the ongoing development and funding Brunel took no fee and was seen to set a good professional standard 33 ©2018 iSQE Project Retrospectives Definition of Retrospective Relating to or thinking about the past Where were the failures – any failures Identify what worked well and what needs improvement Led by an independent facilitator Held in a safe place – quiet, not disturbed Not a witch hunt – looking at processes Plan the event – issues questions at the start of the project Have the right people involved Record results in open area, allocate and monitor actions Use the results in future projects Be honest 34 ©2018 iSQE Emotional Histogram 35 ©2018 iSQE Lessons to Learn 36 ©2018 iSQE Everyone should aim to 37 TRANS THE FEAR OF FAILURE TO THE ACTION OF SUCCESS ©2018 iSQE Where we’ve been To explain that the fear of failure and a sense of failure are both emotional responses and need to be managed to bring about success To challenge you to think about failure in a different way and create an awareness that failure should be regarded as a positive every time To help you explore ways of dealing with and preventing failure in future 38 ©2018 iSQE Matthew Syed – Author “Black Box Thinking The Surprising Truth About Success” “Dare to Fail” “It does not mean we should aim at failure, rather that creativity is a journey that involves taking wrong turns along the way” 39 Thank youThank you Clive BatesClive Bates Cbates Cbates 国际软件质量工程峰会国际软件质量工程峰会 International Software Quality Engineering Forum